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Chesterdauct

02 May 2025 - 09:19 pm

Curiosity has maintained pristine pieces of the Cumberland sample in a “doggy bag” so that the team could have the rover revisit it later, even miles away from the site where it was collected. The team developed and tested innovative methods in its lab on Earth before sending messages to the rover to try experiments on the sample.
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In a quest to see whether amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, existed in the sample, the team instructed the rover to heat up the sample twice within SAM’s oven. When it measured the mass of the molecules released during heating, there weren’t any amino acids, but they found something entirely unexpected.

An intriguing detection
The team was surprised to detect small amounts of decane, undecane and dodecane, so it had to conduct a reverse experiment on Earth to determine whether these organic compounds were the remnants of the fatty acids undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid and tridecanoic acid, respectively.

The scientists mixed undecanoic acid into a clay similar to what exists on Mars and heated it up in a way that mimicked conditions within SAM’s oven. The undecanoic acid released decane, just like what Curiosity detected.

Each fatty acid remnant detected by Curiosity was made with a long chain of 11 to 13 carbon atoms. Previous molecules detected on Mars were smaller, meaning their atomic weight was less than the molecules found in the new study, and simpler.
“It’s notable that non-biological processes typically make shorter fatty acids, with less than 12 carbons,” said study coauthor Dr. Amy Williams, associate professor of geology at the University of Florida and assistant director of the Astraeus Space Institute, in an email. “Larger and more complex molecules are likely what are required for an origin of life, if it ever occurred on Mars.”

Davidglork

02 May 2025 - 04:57 pm

While the Cumberland sample may contain longer chains of fatty acids, SAM is not designed to detect them. But SAM’s ability to spot these larger molecules suggests it could detect similar chemical signatures of past life on Mars if they’re present, Williams said.
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“Curiosity is not a life detection mission,” Freissinet said. “Curiosity is a habitability detection mission to know if all the conditions were right … for life to evolve. Having these results, it’s really at the edge of the capabilities of Curiosity, and it’s even maybe better than what we had expected from this mission.”

Before sending missions to Mars, scientists didn’t think organic molecules would be found on the red planet because of the intensity of radiation Mars has long endured, Glavin said.
Curiosity won’t return to Yellowknife Bay during its mission, but there are still pristine pieces of the Cumberland sample aboard. Next, the team wants to design a new experiment to see what it can detect. If the team can identify similar long-chain molecules, it would mark another step forward that might help researchers determine their origins, Freissinet said.

“That’s the most precious sample we have on board … waiting for us to run the perfect experiment on it,” she said. “It holds secrets, and we need to decipher the secrets.”

Briony Horgan, coinvestigator on the Perseverance rover mission and professor of planetary science at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, called the detection “a big win for the whole team.” Horgan was not involved the study.
“This detection really confirms our hopes that sediments laid down in ancient watery environments on Mars could preserve a treasure trove of organic molecules that can tell us about everything from prebiotic processes and pathways for the origin of life, to potential biosignatures from ancient organisms,” Horgan said.

Dr. Ben K.D. Pearce, assistant professor in Purdue’s department of Earth, atmospheric, and planetary sciences and leader of the Laboratory for Origins and Astrobiology Research, called the findings “arguably the most exciting organic detection to date on Mars.” Pearce did not participate in the research.

Miriamtah

02 May 2025 - 01:59 pm

This is kind of random, but still...

A few weeks ago I ran into a site called the Talabout platform.

It’s full of raw talks with people from all walks of life — unfiltered, not your typical media stuff.

Sometimes the vibe there really echoes the stuff being shared here.


Could be worth a scroll for some of you?

Lloydnom

02 May 2025 - 12:19 pm

Tesla is bringing its electric cars to oil-rich Saudi Arabia amid falling global sales
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Tesla will start selling its electric vehicles in Saudi Arabia, entering the Gulf region’s largest economy as the company’s global sales are sliding and CEO Elon Musk courts controversy with his role in the US government.

The carmaker announced Wednesday that it would host a launch event in the kingdom on April 10, where it will showcase its EVs. Attendees will also have the chance to “experience the future of autonomous driving with Cybercab and meet Optimus, our humanoid robot, as we showcase what’s next in AI and robotics,” Tesla (TSLA) said.

Tesla may struggle to gain market share in oil-rich Saudi Arabia as EVs make up a little over 1% of all car sales in the country, according to a report by consultancy PwC published in September.
Tesla’s entry into the new market comes as the company fights battles on several fronts.

Last year, it recorded the first annual decline in sales in its history as a public company, posting a drop of 1%.

The company is facing intensifying competition in China, the world’s largest auto market. On Tuesday, BYD, a Chinese maker of electric and hybrid cars, reported $107 billion in annual sales for 2024, beating the near-$98 billion notched by Tesla.

And last week, BYD unveiled an ultra-fast charging system, which it said was capable of adding 250 miles (402 km) of range in just five minutes, easily outdoing Tesla’s charging technology. Tesla’s Superchargers take 15 minutes to charge an EV, providing a range of 200 miles.

Tesla has also suffered slumping sales in Europe. In February, the carmaker sold around 40% fewer vehicles on the continent compared with the same month in 2024, according to the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association.

Aarontiz

02 May 2025 - 11:41 am

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Jasonjitte

02 May 2025 - 08:02 am

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Jamesbuite

02 May 2025 - 05:48 am

Could we design an epoxy floor application for CV.SELAT NUSA INDAH that pays homage to the Aztec roots of the axolotl, blending the beauty of ancient culture with the modern practicality of our services?

Sea Freedom Fest був гарним фестивалем, але не без недоліків. Основна сцена створила чудову атмосферу, але на сцені «Інь-Янь» іноді виникали проблеми зі звуком. З іншого боку, мені сподобалася галерея моментів, де можна було переглянути найкращі кадри фестивалю. У цілому, це був гарний досвід, хоча й не без певних нюансів.

Gabrielenupe

02 May 2025 - 03:38 am

Axolotl problems
As Mexico City grew and became more industrialized, the need for water brought pumps and pipes to the lake, and eventually, “it was like a bad, smelly pond with rotten water,” Zambrano said. “All of our aquatic animals suffer with bad water quality, but amphibians suffer more because they have to breathe with the skin.”
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To add to the axolotls’ problems, invasive fish species such as carp and tilapia were introduced to the lake, where they feed on axolotl eggs. And a 1985 earthquake in Mexico City displaced thousands of people, who found new homes in the area around the lake, further contributing to the destruction of the axolotls’ habitat.

These combined threats have devastated axolotl populations. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, there are fewer than 100 adult axolotls left in the wild. The species is considered critically endangered.
While the wild axolotls of Lake Xochimilco have dwindled to near-extinction, countless axolotls have been bred for scientific laboratories and the pet trade. “The axolotl essentially helped establish the field of experimental zoology,” Voss said.

In 1864, a French army officer brought live axolotls back to Europe, where scientists were surprised to learn that the seemingly juvenile aquatic salamanders were capable of reproduction. Since then, scientists around the world have studied axolotls and their DNA to learn about the salamanders’ unusual metamorphosis (or lack thereof) as well as their ability to regrow injured body parts.
In addition to their role in labs, axolotls have become popular in the exotic pet trade (though they are illegal to own in California, Maine, New Jersey and Washington, DC). However, the axolotls you might find at a pet shop are different from their wild relatives in Lake Xochimilco. Most wild axolotls are a dark grayish brown. The famous pink axolotls, as well as other color variants such as white, blue, yellow and black, are genetic anomalies that are rare in the wild but selectively bred for in the pet trade.

What’s more, “most of the animals in the pet trade have a very small genetic variance,” Zambrano said. Pet axolotls tend to be inbred and lack the wide flow of different genes that makes up a healthy population in the wild. That means that the axolotl extinction crisis can’t simply be solved by dumping pet axolotls into Lake Xochimilco. (Plus, the pet axolotls likely wouldn’t fare well with the poor habitat conditions in the lake.)

Fame and misfortune
The difficulties that axolotls face in the wild are almost diametrically opposed to the fame they’ve found in recent years. Axolotls have captured the human imagination for centuries, as evidenced by their roles in Aztec religion and stories, but the early 21st century seems to be a high point for them. An axolotl graces the 50 peso bill. There are axolotl-inspired Pokemon, and Reddit commenters have noted that the character Toothless from the “How to Train Your Dragon” movie series is distinctly axolotl-like.

The introduction of axolotls to Minecraft in 2021 neatly mapped onto an uptick in Google searches for the animals, and social media makes it easy for people to gain access to photos and videos of the salamanders, particularly the photogenic pink ones often kept as pets.

The axolotl pet trade probably doesn’t directly harm the wild populations since wild salamanders aren’t being poached or taken from Lake Xochimilco. However, Zambrano said, axolotls’ ubiquity in pop culture and pet stores might make people assume that because axolotls “live in all the tanks around the world, they are not in danger.”

Allantrita

01 May 2025 - 10:42 pm

Why axolotls seem to be everywhere — except in the one lake they call home
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Scientist Dr. Randal Voss gets the occasional reminder that he’s working with a kind of superstar. When he does outreach events with his laboratory, he encounters people who are keen to meet his research subjects: aquatic salamanders called axolotls.

The amphibians’ fans tell Voss that they know the animals from the internet, or from caricatures or stuffed animals, exclaiming, “‘They’re so adorable, we love them,’” said Voss, a professor of neuroscience at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine. “People are drawn to them.”

Take one look at an axolotl, and it’s easy to see why it’s so popular. With their wide eyes, upturned mouths and pastel pink coloring, axolotls look cheerful and vaguely Muppet-like.

They’ve skyrocketed in pop culture fame, in part thanks to the addition of axolotls to the video game Minecraft in 2021. These unusual salamanders are now found everywhere from Girl Scout patches to hot water bottles. But there’s more to axolotls than meets the eye: Their story is one of scientific discovery, exploitation of the natural world, and the work to rebuild humans’ connection with nature.

A scientific mystery
Axolotl is a word from Nahuatl, the Indigenous Mexican language spoken by the Aztecs and an estimated 1.5 million people today. The animals are named for the Aztec god Xolotl, who was said to transform into a salamander. The original Nahuatl pronunciation is “AH-show-LOAT”; in English, “ACK-suh-LAHT-uhl” is commonly used.
Axolotls are members of a class of animals called amphibians, which also includes frogs. Amphibians lay their jelly-like eggs in water, and the eggs hatch into water-dwelling larval states. (In frogs, these larvae are called tadpoles.)

Most amphibians, once they reach adulthood, are able to move to land. Since they breathe, in part, by absorbing oxygen through their moist skin, they tend to stay near water.

Axolotls, however, never complete the metamorphosis to a land-dwelling adult form and spend their whole lives in the water.

“They maintain their juvenile look throughout the course of their life,” Voss said. “They’re teenagers, at least in appearance, until they die.”

Jamesbax

01 May 2025 - 07:58 pm

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At the time of writing, Coin Mixer is one of the best BTC mixing services out there. We definitely recommend it.Coin Mixer makes the process of clearing bitcoins very easy and convenient for the client. This resource requires one confirmation of the transaction, after which new clean coins are sent to the specified wallet. Users can also control latency for processing their transactions. This is an offshore service, and its sites are also located offshore. This provides users with additional peace of mind and confidence that their data is strictly confidential. In addition, once the transaction is confirmed, users are sent a unique “delete logs” link, giving users the ability to manually delete their traces of transactions. Coin Mixer charges a modest 0.5% commission. This makes BTC Blender ideal for users clearing large amounts of bitcoin.Mixing Bitcoins is made simpler with Coin Mixer. A mixer available both on the Clearnet and the Tor network. Offers complete control over the time-delays and fund-distribution. Charges a static fee of 0.3%. Maximum number of output addresses allowed is 10. Each address is charged an additional 0.0001BTC. Largest possible mix is 100 BTC, while smallest accepted deposit is 0.002 BTC. No registration required. Has a No Logs Policy, retains logs for 7-days by default. Although users can delete logs anytime before the 7-day period manually. Does provide Certificate of Origin. Also has an “Instant Dispatch” feature of delivering coins without any delay.If you’re looking for a mixer which neither keeps any logs, nor asks you to register; Coin Mixer is an option you can peek at. It does offer registrations in case you’d want to keep things professional, organized and are a frequent mixer. It’s one of the very few mixers which offer “multiple deposit addresses” (upto 5); so you can break the deposit into multiple parts which add upto your total amount. Even offers 2-FA (via PGP) for account security. It also acts as a BTC aXMR a BTC convertor which further adds anonymity. The fee is randomized between a minimum 1% and a maximum 4%. Minimum Withdrawal and deposit limits are acceptable, currently 0.00045 BTC and 0.0018 BTC respectively. Upto 10 additional addresses supported for each output. Time-delays aren’t completely user-controlled, yet users get to specify the maximum delay they want for the total output. All outputs are processed before this timer is reached. Instant withdrawal too available. Pros: Customizable mixing settings for better anonymityAvailable in Tor 5. Mixero - Excellent customer support Mixero only supports Bitcoin transactions and requires customers to deposit a minimum of 0.001 BTC. Transaction fees range from 0.5 to 3% depending on the amount that is being transferred. This Bitcoin mixer supports multiple addresses and custom options (max of 10). Nonetheless, confirmation is required. Mixero does not have a referral program in place.Grams itself is a brand on the Darknet so I believe not much needs to be said about it. Grams Helix is one of its subsidiaries and is one of the most reputed and widely used Mixero services out there, it’s simple, modern, and definitely trustworthy. Grams supports only Bitcoins for now. It needs 2 confirmations before it cleans and sends you your coins. It obviously supports time-delay, but it’s automatically set to “2 hours” for some reasons. It also supports “Random transactions” for the deposit, the deposit address changes after each transaction and allows you to send more than 1 transactions to Grams Helix instead of sending in all your coins in a single go. The same is also supported for the “output addresses” (where you receive coins) and you can input as many as 5 different BTC addresses where your coins are sent after cleaning them. The coin-deposit address is valid for 8 hours, and any transaction not done within these 8 hours won’t be received by the platform.One of the most currency-rich mixers in the industry, letting us Mix not just Bitcoin but Litecoin, Bitcoin Cash and Ethereum (coming soon) is what Mixero is. Also flaunts probably the most colourful and easy to use Interfaces I’ve ever seen. Provides 100% Control to users regarding every aspect of the mix. As in, users control the exact amount of fee (to the 4th decimal point!), the exact time-delay (by the minute and not just hours) and also the Percentage distribution. It’s transparent and even has a “fee calculator” which displays the exact amount of funds a user would receive on each additional address, as well as the total service and the address-fee. Maximum 8 total output addresses allowed. The minimum service fee a user can pay is 1%, with the maximum being 5%. The additional address fee is 0.00045529 BTC, 0.01072904 LTC, and 0.00273174 BCH for Bitcoin, Litecoin and Bitcoin Cash respectively. Has three fund-pools, and they all have funds from different sources in them which have different levels of anonymity. Does have a “No Logs Policy”. No registration required.It is a simple service with a high level of anonymity. The Mixero mixing process is very simple and only takes a couple of minutes. You need to select one of the three supported cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Litecoin, Bitcoin Cash), enter the withdrawal address, set the transaction delay for any time up to 72 hours, send the coins to the specified address and wait for their delivery to the destination. This site is unlike the other three mixing pools. You can mix user’s coins: with incoming coins of other customers, private reserves of the service and investor coins. The service does not require registration. The mixing commission is not large and is taken from the mining commission, which is very convenient. The referral program at SmartMixer is one of the most profitable, during the first mixing operation you receive a smart code that is required to receive a discount on the commission, this discount can reach – 70%. After each transaction, the user receives a letter of guarantee. All data about it is deleted after a day, while maintaining the complete anonymity of the client. Pros: It has a positive reputation among the Bitcoin communityIt offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limit